Gambling is the wagering of something of value (consideration) on an event with an uncertain outcome, with the intent to win some other item of value (the prize). The term “gambling” can include all types of bets, including the lottery, casino games like slot machines, and sports betting. While many people are able to gamble responsibly, some develop a gambling disorder. In some cases, this can cause serious emotional problems and even lead to legal trouble and homelessness. People who have a problem with gambling often experience difficulty in their relationships, work, or school, and may become depressed or suicidal. They are also at greater risk of developing a substance use disorder.
Most adults and adolescents have placed some kind of bet, and most do so without a problem. However, a small proportion of those who start gambling develop an addiction. A gambling disorder is a mental health condition defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) as a persistent and recurrent pattern of gambling that causes significant distress or impairment. Symptoms of this disorder include a loss of control over gambling, impaired judgment, and an inability to stop or reduce the amount of gambling.
A person’s personality and environment play a role in their ability to develop a gambling disorder, as does the amount of time they spend gambling and how frequently they do so. Many people who have a problem with gambling are able to control their behavior and stop, although some need help from professionals.
Gambling has some benefits, such as socializing, skill development, and a chance to improve one’s luck. These positive effects can outweigh the negatives, but gambling can be harmful to a person’s mental and physical health if it becomes compulsive.
Problem gambling can affect anyone, from children to elderly people. However, the fastest growing group of gamblers is those in their early 20s. This is because of the increasing accessibility of regulated and non-regulated forms of gambling, such as sports betting apps, fantasy leagues, scratch tickets, online poker, and DIY investing.
If you have a friend or family member who has a gambling problem, it’s important to get them help. Reach out to a professional to discuss local referral resources for certified gambling counselors or intensive treatment programs in your area. You can also set boundaries in managing their money, and take over the responsibility for reviewing bank and credit card statements. It’s also helpful to seek support for yourself if you are dealing with the effects of someone else’s gambling disorder. Consider joining a peer support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous. This 12-step program is modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous, and can be an invaluable resource for recovering from gambling disorders. Moreover, seek therapy for mood disorders that can contribute to gambling disorders, such as depression, stress, or anxiety. This will help you find healthier ways to relieve unpleasant feelings and cope with boredom or loneliness, such as exercising, spending time with friends who don’t gamble, and practicing relaxation techniques.